How to cope with stress

The best way to think of stress is that it -

Is like a physical reaction in that it affects all people equally

Is always a negative experience that can increase the risk of physical illness or psychological issues

Is likely to be experienced differently by different individuals depending on their personality and coping resources

Is an entirely psychological phenomenon, which can be cancelled out purely by focusing on psychological techniques

The research by Charles Carver -

Suggests that most modern-day psychologists agree that it is possible to categorise all coping efforts into effective versus ineffective strategies

At least two of the other answers are correct

Was pioneering for its time but has since been superseded by other psychological models of stress

Provides us with one model for categorising a number of coping strategies that differ in the extent of their effectiveness

Dealing with stress through denial is -

Probably the worst mistake that people can make

Likely to be maladaptive in many situations

Probably effective only when combined with at least several other coping strategies

Likely to be adaptive in only some situations

Sometimes, psychologists categorise certain coping strategies as being avoidant in nature. Which of the following are most likely to fall into the avoidant category?

Positive reframing and behavioural disengagement

Seeking emotional support and self-distraction

Behavioural disengagement and self-distraction

Substance abuse and seeking emotional support

When faced with any stressful situation -

Seeking understanding and compassion from friends and family is likely to be a more important priority for most people than asking for advice and assistance from colleagues or other knowledgeable individuals

Withdrawing and seeking solace in one's own company is likely to be an adaptive coping strategy

Most people would benefit from seeking some combination of advice from knowledgeable individuals and emotional support from friends and family

Seeking advice and assistance from colleagues or other acquaintances who have a track record of dealing with similar situations is likely to be more effective than simply talking to friends and family

Generally speaking...

The effectiveness of problem-focused versus emotion-focused strategies is likely to depend on the nature of the stress that is being experienced

Emotion-focused strategies are more effective at reducing stress than problem-focused strategies

Problem-focused strategies are roughly as important emotion-focused strategies

Problem-focused strategies are more effective at reducing stress than emotion-focused strategies

Using emotion-focused strategies such as humour or religion to cope with the experience of stress is -

Likely to harm psychological well-being

At least two of the other answers are correct

Often beneficial to psychological well-being

Likely to reduce people's efforts to tackle the underlying problem or issues that are causing stress

Self-distraction is...

Sometimes adaptive but usually maladaptive in terms of dealing with stress

Best thought of as an avoidant coping strategy because it involves ignoring or pretending that a stressful situation does not exist

Best thought of as a problem-focused strategy because it helps overworked individuals to recuperate and get back to high levels of productivity again

Sometimes adaptive and sometimes maladaptive in terms of dealing with stress

Positive reframing is -

The most effective of the emotion-focused coping strategies

The single most valuable method for coping with stress

Always associated with improved psychological well-being

Likely to be beneficial for many individuals

For perfectionistic individuals - ie those who set themselves unreasonably high standards - it is likely that -

Self-distraction will be especially beneficial because it encourages them to relax and recuperate

Writing down a list of what they have achieved at the end of any given day may potentially help them to reframe their situations more positively

Problem-focused coping strategies may possibly backfire because these strategies only encourage perfectionistic individuals to work even harder

None of the other responses is correct

How to cope with stress

The best way to think of stress is that it -

The research by Charles Carver -

Dealing with stress through denial is -

Sometimes, psychologists categorise certain coping strategies as being avoidant in nature. Which of the following are most likely to fall into the avoidant category?

When faced with any stressful situation -

Generally speaking...

Using emotion-focused strategies such as humour or religion to cope with the experience of stress is -

Self-distraction is...

Positive reframing is -

For perfectionistic individuals - ie those who set themselves unreasonably high standards - it is likely that -

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