When answering an exam question, it is important to consider the question requirements carefully to make sure you understand exactly what is being asked. We highlight some common question verbs used in exams
 Advise
Actual meaning: To offer guidance or relevant expertise to a recipient, allowing them to make a more informed decision.
Analyse
Actual meaning: Break into separate parts and discuss, examine, or interpret each part 
Key tips: Give reasons for the current situation or what has happened.
 Apply
Actual meaning: To put into action pertinently and/or relevantly 
Key tips: Properly apply the scenario/case.
 Assess 
Actual meaning: To judge the worth, importance, evaluate or estimate the nature, quality, ability, extent, or significance 
Key tips: Determine the strengths/weaknesses/importance/ significance/ability to contribute.
 Calculate 
Actual meaning: To ascertain by computation, to make an estimate of; evaluate, to perform a mathematical process 
Key tips: Provide description along with numerical calculations.
 Comment
Actual meaning: To remark or express an opinion 
Key tips: Your answer should include an explanation, illustration or criticism.
 Compare 
Actual meaning: Examine two or more things to identify similarities and differences 
 Key tips: Clearly explain the resemblances or differences.
 Conclusion 
Actual meaning: The result or outcome of an act or process or event, final arrangement or settlement Key tips: End your answer well, with a clear decision.
 Criticise 
Actual meaning: Present the weaknesses/problems; evaluate comparative worth. Don’t explain the situation. Instead, analyse it 
Key tips: Criticism often involves analysis.
 Define 
Actual meaning: Give the meaning; usually a meaning specific to the course or subject 
Key tips: Explain the exact meaning because usually definitions are short.
 Describe 
Actual meaning: Give a detailed account or key features. List characteristics, qualities and parts 
Key tips: Make a picture with words; identification is not sufficient.
 Discuss 
Actual meaning: Consider and debate/argue about the pros and cons of an issue. Examine in detail by using arguments in favour or against 
Key tips: Write about any conflict, compare and contrast.
 Evaluate 
Actual meaning: Determine the scenario in the light of the arguments for and against 
Key tips: Mention evidence/case/point/issue to support evaluation.
 Explain 
Actual meaning: Make an idea clear. Show logically how a concept is developed. Give the reason for an event 
Key tips:  Don’t just provide a list of points, add in some explanation of the points you’re discussing.
 Illustrate 
Actual meaning: Give concrete examples. Explain clearly by using comparisons or examples 
Key tips:  Add in some description.
 Interpret 
Actual meaning: Comment on, give examples, describe relationships 
Key tips: Include explanation and evaluation.
 List 
Actual meaning: List several ideas, aspects, events, things, qualities, reasons, etc 
Key tips: Don’t discuss, just make a list.
 Outline 
Actual meaning: Describe main ideas, characteristics, or events 
Key tips: Briefly explain the highlighted points.
 Recommend 
Actual meaning: Advise the appropriate actions to pursue in terms the recipient will understand
Key tips: Give advice or counsel.
 Relate 
Actual meaning: Show the connections between ideas or events 
Key tips: Relate to real time examples.
 State 
Actual meaning: Explain precisely
Key tips: Focus on the exact point.
 Summarise 
Actual meaning: Give a brief, condensed account. Include conclusions. Avoid unnecessary details 
Key tips: Remember to conclude your explanation.